Narrow Band-Internet of Things (NB-IoT)
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What is Narrow Band-Internet of things(NB-IoT)?
Narrow Band-Internet of Things (NB-IoT) is a standards-based low power wide area network (LPWAN) radio technology developed to enable a wide range of new IoT devices and services. NB-IoT significantly improves the power consumption of user devices, system capacity and spectrum efficiency, especially in deep coverage. The battery life of more than 10 years can be supported for a wide range of use cases.
NB IoT focuses specifically on indoor coverage, low cost, long battery life, and high connection density and new physical layer signals and channels are designed to meet the demanding requirement of extended coverage – rural and deep indoors – and ultra-low device complexity. The initial cost of the NB-IoT modules is expected to be comparable to GSM/GPRS. The underlying technology is however much simpler than today’s GSM/GPRS and its cost is expected to decrease rapidly as demand increases.
NB IoT uses a subset of the LTE standard but limits the bandwidth to a single narrow band of 200 kHz. Which is supported by all major mobile equipment, chipset and module manufacturers, NB-IoT can co-exist with 2G, 3G, and 4G mobile networks. It also benefits from all the security and privacy features of mobile networks, such as support for user identity confidentiality, entity authentication, confidentiality, data integrity, and mobile equipment identification. The first NB-IoT commercial launches have been completed and global rollout gradually.
Benefits of NB-IoT:
- low power consumption (device battery can last up to 10 years)
- massive connections (tens of thousands of devices per base station)
- long-range (about 5 km in dense urban areas and about 50 km in the rural area)
- good signal penetration (can reach elevators inside buildings as well as basement and underground car parks)
- low device cost (less than 5 US$ per module)
- low connectivity cost (few US dollars per year)
- Telecommunications Equipment Vendors: Huawei, Nokia, Ericsson, etc
- Chipset vendors: Qualcomm, MediaTek, Huawei, sequences, etc
- Module manufacturer: u-blox, Quectel, Gemalto, etc
- MNOs: Deutsche Telekom, Vodafone, China Mobile, Orange, STC, Etisalat, etc.
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References:
- https://telecom.economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/iot-may-expose-connected-cars-smart-healthcare-systems-to-security-risks-analyst/72258603
- https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/12460125.2020.1791481
- https://www.thalesgroup.com/en/markets/digital-identity-and-security/iot/resources/innovation-technology/nb-iot
- https://www.grandmetric.com/2018/02/16/narrowband-internet-of-things-nb-iot-an-overview/
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