Radio-frequency identification

 

RFID-

An abbreviation for RFID is "Radio-frequency identification" and refers to a technique whereby digital data is encoded in RFID tags or smart labels and is captured by a reader via radio waves, In which it uses electromagnetic fields to automatically identify and track tags associated with the objects. RFID is similar to barcoding data from a tag or label that stores data in a database and the RFID consists of a small radio transponder, a radio receiver and transmitter. when it triggered by an electromagnetic interrogation pulse from nearby an RFID reader device, the tag transmits digital data, usually an identification list no., back to the reader. however, RFID has several advantages over the system that used barcode asset tracking software. The most notable is that RFID tag data can be read outside the line of version, while the barcode must be aligned with an optical scanner and we can retrieve identifying information easily.

RFID Tecnology Introdus-

RFID was first used on January 23,1973 by Mario W. Cardullo.

whose name is also the first US patent in which he invented rewritable memory in an active RFID tag. The year 

Mr Charles Walton, an entrepreneur from California received a patent in which he used a passive transponder to unlock the door without any key.

How do the RFID works?

Before understanding RFID technology we have to understand whats are its different parts and how they work.

An RFID consist of mainly three parts 

1.scaning antenna 

2. transceiver, a decoder attached with it which helps to interpret the data.

3.Transponder-RFID tag- which is programmed with some information.

In which scanning antenna spreads frequency signals relatively in short-range. there are two types of RF radiation

• It provides a medium to communicate with the transponder(RFID tag) 
• It provided energy to the RFID tag to communicate(especially in the passive tags )

this is the key point of this technology there is no need for any battery in the RFID tags, so it can be used for many years.

In this, scanning antenna is permanently affixed to a surface, as well as handheld antennas are also available for use in it. It can take any shape or size as per your requirement. for example you can also create them within a frame so that they can get data from all the people whoever passed through that door.

when RFID tags pass through the area of the scanning antenna, it detects the activation signal from the antenna that activate the chip and transmits the information from its microchip that is picked up from the scanning antenna.

Types of RFID Tags-

There are many types of RFID tags but two of them are most important.

1. Active RFID tags.

2.Passive RFID tags.

1.Active RFID Tags-

Active RFID tags have their own power source, Its advantage is that if a reader so far from it, It can still receive the signal. The life span of these devices up to10 years only, as such shows that they have limited life span. 

2.passive RFID tags-

Passive RFID tags do not require any battery and that is also very small in size. If we talk about their life spans then they are virtually unlimited life span and it can read RFID tags in many types of circumstances, where barcode and other optical readers are useless.

Uses-

RFID systems use radio wave at a different frequency to transmit data.

1. Health care and hospital settings.
2. Inventory control.
3. Device tracking. 
4. personnel tracking
5. animal tracking etc.

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